| Tournament details | |
|---|---|
| Dates | 20 February 1977 – 14 July 1977 | 
| Teams | 9 (from 1 confederation) | 
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 21 | 
| Goals scored | 55 (2.62 per match) | 
| Top scorer(s) | .svg.png.webp) Zico (5 goals) | 
| Qualification for championships (CONMEBOL) | 
|---|
Listed below are the dates and results for the 1978 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds for the South American Zone (CONMEBOL). For an overview of the qualification rounds, see the article 1978 FIFA World Cup qualification.
A total of 10 CONMEBOL teams entered the competition. The South American zone was allocated 3.5 places (out of 16) in the final tournament. Argentina, the hosts, qualified automatically, leaving 2.5 spots open for competition between 9 teams.
Format
There would be two rounds of play:
- First Round: The 9 teams were divided into 3 groups of 3 teams each. The teams would play against each other on a home-and-away basis. The group winners would advance to the Final Round.
- Final Round: The 3 teams would play against each other once in a neutral venue. The group winner and runner-up would qualify. The third-placed team would advance to the UEFA / CONMEBOL Intercontinental Play-off.
First round
Group 1
| Rank | Team | Pts | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | .svg.png.webp) Brazil | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 1 | +7 | 
| 2 | .svg.png.webp) Paraguay | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 
| 3 |  Colombia | 2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8 | −7 | 
| Brazil .svg.png.webp) | 6 – 0 |  Colombia | 
|---|---|---|
| Roberto  15', 31' Zico  25' Marinho  41', 55' Rivellino  85' | Report | 
Brazil advanced to the Final Round.
Group 2
| Rank | Team | Pts | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Bolivia | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 3 | +5 | 
| 2 |  Uruguay | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 4 | +1 | 
| 3 | .svg.png.webp) Venezuela | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 8 | −6 | 
| Venezuela .svg.png.webp) | 1 – 3 |  Bolivia | 
|---|---|---|
| Iriarte  86' | Mezza  5' Jiménez  76' Aguilar  80' | 
Bolivia advanced to the Final Round.
Group 3
| Rank | Team | Pts | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | .svg.png.webp) Peru | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 2 | +6 | 
| 2 |  Chile | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | +2 | 
| 3 |  Ecuador | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 9 | −8 | 
| Peru .svg.png.webp) | 4 – 0 |  Ecuador | 
|---|---|---|
| José Velásquez  19' Oblitas  48', 50' Luces  63' | 
Peru advanced to the Final Round.
Final round
| Rank | Team | Pts | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | .svg.png.webp) Brazil | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | +9 | 
| 2 | .svg.png.webp) Peru | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | +4 | 
| 3 |  Bolivia | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 13 | −13 | 
| Brazil .svg.png.webp) | 8 – 0 |  Bolivia | 
|---|---|---|
| Zico  5', 10', 27' (pen.), 60' Roberto  22' Gil  54' Cerezo  70' Marcelo  89' | Relatorio | 
| Peru .svg.png.webp) | 5 – 0 |  Bolivia | 
|---|---|---|
| Cubillas  31', 44' José Velásquez  65', 89' Rojas  74' | Relatorio | 
Brazil and Peru qualified. Bolivia advanced to the UEFA / CONMEBOL Intercontinental Play-off.
Inter-confederation play-offs
| Team 1 | Agg. | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hungary  | 9–2 |  Bolivia | 6–0 | 3–2 | 
Qualified teams
The following three teams from CONMEBOL qualified for the final tournament.
| Team | Qualified as | Qualified on | Previous appearances in FIFA World Cup1 | 
|---|---|---|---|
|  Argentina | Hosts | 6 July 1966 | 6 (1930, 1934, 1958, 1962, 1966, 1974) | 
|  Brazil | Final Round winners | 14 July 1977 | 10 (1930, 1934, 1938, 1950, 1954, 1958, 1962, 1966, 1970, 1974) | 
| .svg.png.webp) Peru | Final Round winners | 17 July 1977 | 2 (1930, 1970) | 
- 1 Bold indicates champions for that year. Italic indicates hosts for that year.
Goalscorers
- 5 goals
- 4 goals
- 3 goals
- 2 goals
- 1 goal
.svg.png.webp) Oviedo Mezza Oviedo Mezza
.svg.png.webp) Toninho Cerezo Toninho Cerezo
.svg.png.webp) Marcelo Oliveira Marcelo Oliveira
.svg.png.webp) Rivellino Rivellino
 Sergio Ahumada Sergio Ahumada
 Osvaldo Castro Osvaldo Castro
 Miguel Ángel Gamboa Miguel Ángel Gamboa
 Eduardo Vilarete Eduardo Vilarete
 José Fabián Paz y Miño José Fabián Paz y Miño
 Carlos José Báez Carlos José Báez
 Alejandro Luces Alejandro Luces
 Juan José Muñante Juan José Muñante
 Percy Rojas Percy Rojas
 Hugo Sotil Hugo Sotil
 Washington Oliveira Washington Oliveira
.svg.png.webp) Vicente Flores Vicente Flores
.svg.png.webp) Rafael Iriarte Rafael Iriarte
- 1 own goal
.svg.png.webp) Windsor del Llano (playing against Hungary) Windsor del Llano (playing against Hungary)
 José Domingo Insfrán (playing against Brazil) José Domingo Insfrán (playing against Brazil)