Ismene
Temporal range: Late Oligocene – Recent[1]
Ismene narcissiflora[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Genus: Ismene
Salisb.
Synonyms[3]
  • Liriope Herb., nom. illeg.
  • Elisena Herb.
  • Pseudostenomesson Velarde

Ismene, or Peruvian daffodil, is a genus of South American plants in the Amaryllis family.[4] The species are native to Peru and Ecuador and widely cultivated elsewhere as ornamentals because of their large, showy flowers.[5][6]

Ismene produces tender perennial bulbs bearing a strong resemblance to those of Hymenocallis, a genus into which Ismene had often been grouped in the past. However, its morphology differs from Hymenocallis in several significant ways: its vegetative parts, natural range, and chromosome number are all distinct.

Ismene can be difficult to grow in the United States.[7]

Species

A list of Ismene species and their geographic distribution is given below.[3]

Hybrids

  • Ismene × deflexa Herb. (I. longipetala × I. narcissiflora) – Peru

Phylogeny

It is closely related to Leptochiton and Hymenocallis, from which it separated 26.14 million years ago. The separation of Leptochiton and Hymenocallis occurred 24.46 million years ago.[1]

Hymenocallideae

Hymenocallis

Leptochiton

Ismene

References

  1. 1 2 Meerow, A. W., Gardner, E. M., & Nakamura, K. (2020). "Phylogenomics of the Andean tetraploid clade of the American Amaryllidaceae (subfamily Amaryllidoideae): unlocking a polyploid generic radiation abetted by continental geodynamics." Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 582422.
  2. ↑ illustration from Flore des serres et des jardins de l’Europe by Charles Lemaire and others. Gand [Gent], Louis van Houtte, 1849, volume 5, plate 440
  3. 1 2 "Ismene". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2017-10-08.
  4. ↑ Herbert, William 1821. An Appendix: [General index to the Botanical magazine, vol. 43-48 containing a treatise on bulbous roots] page 45
  5. ↑ Jørgensen, P. M., M. H. Nee & S. G. Beck. (eds.) 2014. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares de Bolivia, Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 127(1–2): i–viii, 1–1744.
  6. ↑ Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. (eds.) 1993. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i–xl, 1–1286.
  7. ↑ Howard, Thad M. Bulbs for Warm Climates. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 2001, pp 98–99.
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